English speech legalising marijuana for medical reasons Essay Example for Free

English speech legalising marijuana for medical reasons Essay Everyone has probably heard something about the marijuana argument, where the drug is being used to help with pain relief for cancer patients and in certain cases can assist in saving lives. If you haven’t heard, two thirds of the Australian population support legalising marijuana for medicinal purposes, others feel as though it shouldn’t be legalised because it has a negative effect on the user’s actions. If medical marijuana was any other drug it would be formally assessed by the medical profession, but as the public is so highly opinionated this has not occurred. We all know that alcohol is a toxic substance for the body and it’s legal but marijuana is a natural substance and it is not legal!! Marijuana oil has properties for helping with pain relief for a range of different conditions. Back in the 1950’s scientists produced research which showed that smoking marijuana reduced nausea and pain, making it highly effective in treating a range of conditions. Marijuana in its medicinal form is distributed as an oil which is used in food preparations. Take away the perception of the drug as people sitting around getting high on marijuana and think about it as an alternative medical pain relief. I do not support marijuana as a recreation drug however, I support marijuana for medicinal purposes. Everyone assumes that all forms of marijuana are detrimental to your health and wellbeing and many people are unaware of the drugs medicinal values. With this lack of understanding many people have a negative view towards medical marijuana. Everyone assumes marijuana to be bad and a gateway drug as it is highly publicied and many people are very unfamiliar with it. Marijuana is widely used in the manner quite similar to alcohol and is extremely toxic more addictive and harmful to the body; which can result in injuries and can lead to social violence. People die from alcohol overdose, alcohol poisoning and can end up with serious brain damage. Along with alcohol, marijuana has a significant effect on the community, which influences 30% of our population to neither believe, nor support the usage for medical marijuana. Medical marijuana studies have shown that marijuana is neuroprotective which means it works to protect brain cells from harm. As a legal drug doctors would need to prescribe medical marijuana to terminally ill people to reduce their pain, suffering and saving lives. Charotte Figi’s story demonstrates the benefits of medical marijuana. In 2006 Charlotte Figi suffered severely from untreatable epilepsy. By the time she was two her parents had tried all medications in the attempt to cure her epilepsy. Her seizures started off by lasting 30 minutes when she was only 3 months old, the more frequently they became the longer they lasted, some lasting two to four hours. Doctors kept telling Mr and Mrs Figi that she would grow out of it, but she didn’t grow out of it. Mrs Figi said that when charlotte got to the age of 2 it was obvious to her that she was slipping away. In 2000 Colorado voters approved a setup of medical marijuana registry program. The Figi’s daughter had been diagnosed with Dravet syndrome which is a rare form of intractable epilepsy therefore the seizures being uncontrollable. Charlotte lost the ability to walk, talk and eat and had 300 seizures a week. Charlotte’s heart had stopped a number of time and doctors even suggested they put her little body to rest in an induced coma. Her parents did not give up on her and by the time she was 5 her parents learned that the hospital could do nothing more. Charlotte was the youngest patient in the state to ever apply to the use of marijuana but it saved her life. Her seizures almost stopped instantly, Charlotte didn’t have seizures 3 to 4 times in the hour after she had taken the oil, and everyone thought it was a coincidence, they waited another hour and nothing. Charlotte is now takes marijuana oil twice a day in her food, she can now ride a bike, feed herself and talking more and more each day. The Figi’s would not have been able to give medical marijuana had Colorado not have had legalised medical marijuana. If you were in the position of this family wouldn’t you have done the same thing? We should support the legalising of marijuana for medicinal purposes not for recreation use for the reason that the drug is saving lives and helping people though severe pain. It has been proven to help the brain fight off harmful cells and reduces pain and suffering. If you had a child, brother or sister that was suffering from a terminal disease would you not want to have access to medicinal marijuana oil By not legalising the drug for medicinal purposes, more lives are at risk every day. Bibliography Drug Policy Alliance, (2015). How Did Marijuana Become Illegal in the First Place?. [online] Available at: http://www.drugpolicy.org/blog/how-did-marijuana-become-illegal-first-place [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Drugwarrant.com, (2015). Drug WarRant. [online] Available at: http://www.drugwarrant.com/articles/why-is-marijuana-illegal/ [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Saundra Young, C. (2015). Marijuana stops childs severe seizures CNN.com. [online] CNN. Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/07/health/charlotte-child-medical-marijuana/ [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Webmd.com, (2015). Medical Marijuana Treatment Uses and How It Works. [online] Available at: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/features/medical-marijuana-uses [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015]. Drug Policy Alliance, (2015). How Did Marijuana Become Illegal in the First Place?. [online] Available at: http://www.drugpolicy.org/blog/how-did-marijuana-become-illegal-first-place [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015].

Role Of An Effective Workplace Mentor Nursing Essay

Role Of An Effective Workplace Mentor Nursing Essay The role of an effective workplace mentor is to help the mentee achieve a particular work specific goal or goals; this can be to hit a particular set target, to become competent in performing a particular task essential to their role; or something as general as improving confidence in the work environment. It is the responsibility of the workplace mentor to give help and support in a non-threatening manor; provide a positive environment that the mentee feels comfortable in and can feel encouraged to discuss their needs and circumstances openly; and to ensure confidentiality and honesty is upheld in accordance with mentoring guidelines. The role of a workplace mentor is a significant one and not all people in the workplace will be suited to. An effective workplace mentor will need to have excellent communication skills, both speaking and listening and be able to commit the necessary time to each mentee. In addition they need to remain objective, have a calm and patient demeanour, and bring a positive attitude to each session. It is important that the workplace mentor has the confidence to lead mentoring sessions and give appropriate advice and guidance tailored to the needs of the mentee. In my role as a Support worker on the Steps to Work program I act as a workplace mentor for my clients who I place in work placements with local employers for 8 or 26 weeks. I work with a wide range of clients from those who need a minimum level of guidance to those who require on-going support throughout placement. I mentor clients initially on how to perform in their placement interview, then how to perform in their particular job role and throughout on the best methods of job searching. Some clients will have lower level needs and may need mentored on getting to work on time and how to effectively communicate in the workplace. Describe developmental goals that can be met through mentoring There are a wide range of development goals that can be met through mentoring and these very much depends on the individual mentees and what they require from the sessions and what areas they need mentored on. For example one of my clients, Stephen has a learning difficulty and as a result finds job searching and applying for jobs difficult. The development goals for Stephen are to become competent at reading job advertisements in order to decide if he meets the criteria and to fill out application forms to a higher standard than he can currently. Another one of my mentees, Leah, has confidence issues and can be shy and awkward in social situations with people she does not know very well. Leahs development goal would be to gradually increase her confidence meeting new people and becoming more comfortable in her placement dealing with customers and handling queries. As part of this mentoring course I am also mentoring one of my colleagues Carla and trying to help her with some issues she has identified for development. Carla finds it hard dealing with difficult clients and clients that are a lot older than her; the development goal in this situation would be for Carla to become more confident dealing with these client groups and develop a some action points to implement. Describe the role of the mentee (person being mentored) The role of the mentee is integral to the mentoring process as without the need of mentees there would be no need for mentors. I see the role of the mentee as being two sided; one aspect is that they need mentored in by a suitable person in order to progress their development with a certain role or task. The other side of the role is that the mentee needs to be committed to the mentoring process, educate the mentor as to what exactly they need mentored on and help the mentor to understand what learning style is best to utilise. If the mentoring process is to be a success the mentee needs be open with the mentor during sessions and be willing to put into practice the advice given by the mentor; the mentee needs to be committed to achieving a positive outcome and be honest with the mentor throughout the process. Key concepts, principles and practices of mentoring Describe the similarities and differences between coaching and mentoring Coaching and mentoring are development techniques based on the use of one-to-one discussions to improve an individuals skills, knowledge or work performance. It is possible to draw differences between coaching and mentoring however in practice the two terms are often used together. The concept of Coaching is to target high performance and improvement at work and usually focuses on specific skills and goals of the individual(s) being coached, although it can potentially also have a positive effect on an individuals personal attributes such as social interaction, communication skills, motivation or confidence. The process of coaching generally lasts for a relatively short period. Although there is a lack of agreement among coaching professionals about precise definitions, the following are some generally agreed by the CIPD characteristics of coaching in organisations: It is essentially a non-directive form of development, though this is not a hard and fast rule. It focuses on improving performance and developing individuals skills. Personal issues may be discussed but the emphasis is on performance at work. Coaching activities have both organisational and individual goals. It provides people with feedback on both their strengths and their weaknesses. It is a skilled activity, which should be delivered by people who are trained to do so. http://www.cipd.co.uk Mentoring involves the use of similar models and skills of questioning, listening, clarifying and reframing associated with coaching. Traditionally, however, mentoring in the workplace has described a relationship in which a more experienced senior colleague uses their greater knowledge and understanding to support the development of a less experienced or junior colleague. In contrast to coaching arrangements, mentoring relationships tend to be longer term; mentoring relationships work best when they move beyond the directive approach of a senior colleague telling it how it is, to one where both learn from each other (CIPD). A truly effective mentoring relationship or environment between mentor and mentee should provide a learning opportunity for both parties. Mentoring Coaching Ongoing relationship that can last for a long period of time Relationship generally has a set duration More informal and meetings can take place as and when the mentee needs some advice, guidance and support Generally more structured in nature and meetings are scheduled on a regular basis More long term and takes a broader view of the person Short term (sometimes time-bounded) and focused on specific development areas/issues Mentor is usually more experienced and qualified than the client. Often a senior person in the organization who can pass on knowledge, experience and open doors to otherwise out-of-reach opportunities Coaching is generally not performed on the basis that the coach needs to have direct experience of their clients formal occupational role, unless the coaching is specific and skills-focused Focus is on career and personal development Focus is generally on development/issues at work Agenda is set by the client, with the mentor providing support and guidance to prepare them for future roles The agenda is focused on achieving specific, immediate goals Mentoring revolves more around developing the mentee professionally Coaching revolves more around specific development areas/issues  ©http://www.mcgraw-hill.co.uk/openup/chapters/9780335221769.pdf Explain the key concepts, principles and practices of mentoring In my opinion the key concept of mentoring is to help the mentee to the best of my ability to enable them to get the best out of themselves. The key principles and practices of mentoring is to build an effective working relationship between the mentor and the mentee, to set and review smart goals, and to encourage the mentee to take ownership of the process. It is essential that the mentoring relationship is built on openness and honesty and both parties demonstrate commitment and a positive attitude throughout. The mentor should be capable of structuring the sessions towards helping the mentee achieve their goals through recognised questioning techniques and utilising mentoring models such as the Grow Model or Radar. One practice that will prove essential to the mentoring process is the establishment of a contract from the offset to which both parties have to adhere to and can be used as point of reference if things go array during a session. Own ability to use a variety of communication strategies to mentor individuals at work Assess your own ability to use a variety of interpersonal communication skills and your ability to give effective feedback to mentees on their development My role as a Support Worker on STW and the experience I have acquired from previous job roles has provided me with the opportunity to develop excellent interpersonal communication skills and enabled me to be confident and comfortable giving feedback to clients on a variety of issues. On a daily basis I communicate with clients, employers, colleagues and local govt. agencies such as the Job centre and SSA. In addition I have to review my clients monthly and deliver effective feedback on their performance in placement and after placement interviews. I feel that these skills are very transferable to the mentoring process and as a result I have felt very comfortable holding my mentoring sessions and delivering effective feedback to my mentees in order to help them achieve their goals. Identify areas for personal development I feel that through undertaking this mentoring course I have had the opportunity to evaluate myself and reflect upon my abilities not just as a mentor but also in my job role as a Support Worker on the Steps to Work program. SWOT Analysis Strengths: I feel that the areas I identified as strengths were my confidence in terms of delivering mentoring sessions, my communication skills and my ability to build a rapport with the mentees. In addition I feel that I was able to adapt well within sessions in terms of responding to the needs of the mentee as opposed to having a strict structure and following it through regardless. Weaknesses: One area I have earmarked for development is to ensure I am able to commit sufficient time to conduct mentoring session thoroughly; at times I felt as if I was squeezing the sessions into my working week as opposed to them having equal priority with my other work. One possible solution would be to ensure I plan my time more effectively and leave myself more time to prepare for and reflect after mentoring sessions. Opportunities: Having undertaken the mentoring qualification and officially conducted mentoring sessions, I see this as an opportunity to develop my own skills not just as a mentor but as a Support Worker. This experience should help me to build better working relationships with clients and colleagues and to be more insightful to the needs of others and how they may view different situations in relation to I view them. Threats: The external threats I faced when trying to deliver quality mentoring sessions were the demands of my job in terms of having the time to schedule and carry out mentoring sessions. In addition I also had to consider the impact on the mentees placement, each client has designated working hours and I needed to schedule sessions around the placement or liaise with the placement provider to get the mentee released for the session.

17th Century Seduction Poems Are Relevant In The 21st Century Essay exa

During the 17th century, certain poets wrote poems with the specific purpose of persuading a woman to have sexual intercourse with them. Three of these seduction poems utilize several strategies to do this: Andrew Marvell’s â€Å"To His Coy Mistress,† and Donne’s â€Å"A Valediction: Forbidden Mourning† and â€Å"The Flea.† Some of the reasoning used by both poets is similar to the reasoning used today by men to convince women to have sexual intercourse with them. These gimmicks vary from poem to poem but coincide with modern day rationalization. The tactics used in 17th century seduction poems are relevant and similar to the seduction tactics used in the 21st century. Through his writing, Andrew Marvell uses several strategies to get a woman to sleep with him. In his seduction poem, â€Å"To His Coy Mistress,† Marvell first presents a problem and then offers his solution to the problem. Marvell sets up a situation in which he and his lover are on opposite sides of the world: â€Å"Thou by the Indian Ganges’ side/ Shouldst rubies find; I by the tide/ Of Humber would complain†¦.† (5-7). He has set up a circumstance in which his lover is in India and he is in England; however, this situation can be interpreted as a metaphor for sexual distance. Marvell then goes on to profess his love for this woman, telling her that he will always love her, saying â€Å"...I would/ Love you ten years before the flood† (7-8) and saying that his â€Å"vegetable love should grow/ Vaster than empires and more slow† (11). This suggests that he is promising permanence in their relationship. In doing so, Marvell is also trying to pac ify his lady’s fears of sexual relations. He wants his lover to feel secure and confident about having intercourse with him. In the second stanza, Marvell turns his attention to another â€Å"problem† that his lover might pose by not sleeping with him. He writes, â€Å"But at my back I always hear/ Times winged chariot hurrying near† (21-22). Marvell is concerned about death in this situation. He is now pleading to his woman because he feels threatened by time. He tells her that time is running out and that they had better sleep together before it is too late. Marvell solidifies this argument a few lines later by presenting the idea of death and the fact that they can not have sexual intercourse once they are dead. He writes, â€Å"The grave’s a fine and private place/ But none, I think, do there embra... ...l love, like Marvell in â€Å"His Coy Mistress,† is still used to get women in bed. It makes them feel secure in a relationship, which in turn makes them more likely to have sex with their partner. Building up the relationship, like Donne in â€Å"A Valediction: forbidden Mourning,† will also make a woman feel secure in a relationship in modern times by establishing dependability; it also romanticizes the relationship. If a woman feels she is being swept off her feet by Prince Charming, she will be more likely to get in bed. Allaying a woman’s fears will also convince her to consent to sex, much like in Donne’s first stanza of â€Å"The Flea.† He reassures his woman that sex is not a big deal. These days sex really has become quite inconsequential and men do not have difficulty pointing that out to a woman they are trying to sleep with. Generally, many of the basic ideas expressed in 17th century poetry are similar to those presented today in re lationships. Making excuses, finding arguments, allaying fears, and professing true love are all still utilized to speed along the occurrence of sexual relations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Drones: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Essay -- UAVs Technology Essays

Like much of today’s technology, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles attribute their creation to the military. The idea of using unmanned aircraft has long been a dream for the military -- scouting planes without any casualties to report should something go wrong, air strikes with only time and money to lose, and the ability to wage war without losing a single life. Well the third one may perhaps not be realistic – as Afghanistan has shown, lack of ground troops leaves certain entities unchecked.1 However, it may be argued that â€Å"they represent a significant step toward the eventual automation of the battlefield—one in which teleoperated or robotic systems replace many soldiers.†2 Either way, these machines do create a less expensive and more dispensable alternative to conventional air battles. This creates obvious moral issues, as the country with such technology is no longer as tentative to engage in armed combat. UAVs can do many things that conventional aircraft cannot. As Steven Ashley puts it, â€Å"’Traditional’ aircraft—fast photo/ reconnaissance fighters, high-flying U-2s, and sensor-laden patrol planes—nor the classified orbital spy satellites can do the job of the simple, prop-driven unmanned aerial vehicles.†3 These advantages, coupled with their low expense, place them in great demand. As Ronald R. Fogelman (U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff) states, â€Å"We are now impressed by the convergence of technological advances in computers, flight controls, lightweight materials, advanced electric motors, and communications packages that will make modern UAVs extremely effective.†4 UAVs are not only to be used for such questionable moral circumstances as war; these vehicles can provide a plethora of services in the commercial market. H... ...chanical Engineering 125 (2003): 11. 52 Steven Ashley, â€Å"Robot Spy Planes Peer Over the Horizon,† Mechanical Engineering 118 (1996): 91. 53 Brian P. Tice, â€Å"Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,† Airpower Journal 5 (1991): 48. Works Cited Max Boot, â€Å"The New American Way of War,† Foreign Affairs 82 (2003): 41. Brian P. Tice, â€Å"Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,† Airpower Journal 5 (1991): 41. Christopher M. Centner, â€Å"Consigning Air Bases to the Dustbin of History,† Airpower Journal 12 (1998): 100. John Degaspari, â€Å"Flying Blind,† Mechanical Engineering 125 (2003): 10. Steven Ashley, â€Å"Robot Spy Planes Peer Over the Horizon,† Mechanical Engineering 118 (1996): 84. Tom Clarke, â€Å"Flying Free,† Nature 417 (2002): 582. http://www.fas.org/irp/program/collect/uav.htm = info http://uav.wff.nasa.gov/ = info http://www.twofaces.net/newpage/1337hum1r/ = background

Willy Russell’s Intention by the End of the Play :: Educating Rita Plays Willy Russell Essays

Willy Russell’s Intention by the End of the Play ‘Blood Brothers’ The stage production of ‘Blood Brothers’ helps to emphasise the social difference between Mickey and Edward. There are two main sets used, one for Mrs. Johnstone’s house and street and one which is the inside of Mrs. Lyons house. Mrs. Johnstone’s house is a poorer set; there are smashed windows and graffiti written on the walls. The houses are small close together terrace houses built out of red brick. There is lack of colour in this set Willy Russell is trying to show the gloominess, coldness and poverty of their area with this set. Whereas, Mrs. Lyons house is colourful and bright. There is a bookshelf which shows that they are privileged enough to have books and that this family is refined and educated. There is a carpet that is rolled out every time that the Lyons house is on stage. This shows comfort, softness and warmth as does the fireplace in the Lyons house. This is a contrast between the Johnstons house where they have broken windows which shows coolness and discomfort. This shows the difference between two classes in a Thatcherite Britain at the time to the audience. At the Johnstone’s house the lighting is always dim, not well lit, to show the gloominess and poverty in their lives. However the lighting in the Lyon’s house is always very bright. This is to show to the audience that the life of the Lyons is brighter than the Johnstones. In parts of the play (especially I found when the narrator was speaking) the lighting was red and black I think Willy Russell’s intention here is to show that there is death in the play and symbolises the bloodshed. Sometimes one person would have the spotlight on just them so the background is black. This picks out this one person so all our attention is focused on this person and the darkness in the background is very gloomy like a dark hole to symbolise the emptiness that will be in some of their lives because of the deaths at the end. There is a musical theme to suggest the same idea or place theme. Like the music that is played at the Johnstones house. When this song comes on it is to show the poverty of the Johnstons. The song that I remember the most is the game when Mickey, Sammy and their friends are all children and they are shooting each other. The words of the song are very childish and it’s just a game. However when they become older this game becomes reality and a lot more serious and it’s not so

Life in the 1920s in Melbourne was much different than the years before

There were drastic changes in Melbourne and also the world. Several changes made were that there is more ways for people to entertain themselves, women started to wear differently, also the form of transport was different. People in the 1920's had many ways to entertain themselves. Several ways they entertained themselves was by watched the football (which was called the VFL because it was only Victorian teams), going to the movies and watching the Melbourne Cup. The VFL is like AFL today but in the 1920's it wasn't Australia wide. Some of the teams that played were Collingwood, Carlton, Geelong, Essendon, South Melbourne, Richmond, St Kilda, Fitzroy and Melbourne. In the 1920's Richmond won the Grand Final that year, Collingwood were the runners up that year. Collingwood lost by 17 points to a crowd of 53,908. The best player during this time was Roy Cazaly; George Bayliss was the leading goal scorer in 1920. Cinemas in Melbourne during the 1920s were in black and white. There was also no sound that was made by the actors. The only sound that they heard was from a piano player that on the side of the screen and played music when it was the right time. Many of the movies seen in the cinemas were from America but there were a couple that were made in Australia. One of the movies shown in cinemas during the 1920's was Soldiers of the Cross; the main characters in this movie were Beatrice Day, Harold Graham. Also in the 1920's the Melbourne Cup was won by a horse named Poitrel, the jokey that was riding him was K.Bracken and the trainer was H.J.Robinson. Erasmus came second and queen comedy came third. Most of the transport in the 1920's was by trains and cars. The trains they had been stream trains which were loud and let out a lot of smoke from their chimneys. Trains only travelled at a few kilometres an hour but were gradually changed to 30km/h during the 1920's. Flinders Station existed during that time and is still used today. Many Australians had cars, it was said that about 500 000 cars were owned in 1929 by Australians. Australia was ranked in the top five nations that owned cars. Most of the cars in Australia were imported from Europe and America but also some were made here in Australia. Most of the cars were run on steam but they began to move towards the petrol cars. Plans were used as a source of transport to go to other countries. Throughout the late 1920's electric trams started to appear in Melbourne Fashion for men and women changed enormously clean-shaven chins became more fashionable than beards and knee-length skirts were high fashion for women. Coats and stoles became fashionable in Melbourne. The ideas of these types of clothing came from the Chinese, Egyptian and the Japanese. Coats were transformed into a more casual which were made from lightweight silks and local fur. They also had coats that had a sensual combination of Chinese, Egyptian and Australian influences.

Doing The Dirty Work

Business magazines and newspapers regularly publish articles about the changing nature of work in the United States and about how many jobs are being changed. Indeed, because so much has been made of the shift toward service-sector and professional jobs, many people assumed that the number of unpleasant an undesirable jobs has declined. In fact, nothing could be further from the truth. Millions of Americans work in gleaming air-conditioned facilities, but many others work in dirty, grimy, and unsafe settings.For example, many jobs in the recycling industry require workers to sort through moving conveyors of trash, pulling out those items that can be recycled. Other relatively unattractive jobs include cleaning hospital restrooms, washing dishes in a restaurant, and handling toxic waste. Consider the jobs in a chicken-processing facility. Much like a manufacturing assembly line, a chicken-processing facility is organised around a moving conveyor system. Workers call it the chain.In re ality, it’s a steel cable with large clips that carries dead chickens down what might be called a â€Å"disassembly line. † Standing along this line are dozens of workers who do, in fact, take the birds apart as they pass. Even the titles of the jobs are unsavory. Among the first set of jobs along the chain is the skinner. Skinners use sharp instruments to cut and pull the skin off the dead chicken. Towards the middle of the line are the gut pullers. These workers reach inside the chicken carcasses and remove the intestines and other organs.At the end of the line are the gizzard cutters, who tackle the more difficult organs attached to the inside of the chicken’s carcass. These organs have to be individually cut and removed for disposal. The work is obviously distasteful, and the pace of the work is unrelenting. On a good day the chain moves an average of ninety chickens a minute for nine hours. And the workers are essentially held captive by the moving chain. F or example, no one can vacate a post to use the bathroom or for other reasons without the permission of the supervisor.In some plants, taking an unauthorised bathroom break can result in suspension without pay. But the noise in a typical chicken-processing plant is so loud that the supervisor can’t hear someone calling for relief unless the person happens to be standing close by. Jobs such as these on the chicken-processing line are actually becoming increasingly common. Fuelled by Americans’ growing appetites for lean, easy-to-cook meat, the number of poultry workers has almost doubled since 1980, and today they constitute a work force of around a quarter of a million people.Indeed, the chicken-processing industry has become a major component of the state economies of Georgia, North Carolina, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Alabama. Besides being unpleasant and dirty, many jobs in a chicken-processing plant are dangerous and unhealthy. Some workers, for example, have to fi ght the live birds when they are first hung on the chains. These workers are routinely scratched and pecked by the chickens. And the air inside a typical chicken-processing plant is difficult to breathe.Workers are usually supplied with paper masks, but most don’t use them because they are hot and confining. And the work space itself is so tight that the workers often cut themselves—and sometimes their coworkers—with the knives, scissors, and other instruments they use to perform their jobs. Indeed, poultry processing ranks third among industries in the United States for cumulative trauma injuries such as carpet tunnel syndrome. The inevitable chicken feathers, faeces, and blood also contribute to the hazardous and unpleasant work environment.Question: Q1 How relevant are the concept of competencies to the job in a chicken- processing plant ? Ans:- concept of competencies is basically The ability to perform some task; Meeting specified qualifications to perform; implicit knowledge of a language’s structure or the ability to do something well, measured against a standard, especially ability acquired through experience or training so competencies is the skills ,knowledge, ability to do the particular task.So in chickenprocessing plant anyone can’t work or will be not able to work because of environment of plantand also because of some jobs in plant are dangerous like they have to fight the live birds when they first hang on chain, and the air inside the plant is difficult to breathe. Usually workers are provided mask for but most don’t use it because it is hot and confining .And work space at plant itself is so tight that the workers often cut themselves and sometimes their co-workers with many instruments they use to perform their job. And they have to captive with moving chain for example no one can vacate a post to use the bathroom or for other reason without the permission of the supervisor’s according to conc ept of competencies anyone will be not able to do these type of dirty jobs so these jobs require those people who can work efficiently and can stay at plant and who are non vegetarianQ. 2:- How might you try to improve the jobs in a chicken processing plant ? Ans:-we can improve the jobs in chicken processing plants by†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1)hire or recruit those people who are non vegetarian so they will be more able to do and handle these type of work more efficiently2) we can provide them any machine that will cut the chicken automatically so that we can overcome the safety issues like cut and injury etc.3)We can make the environment more friendly so that workers will enjoy the work4)we will arrange more space on assembly line or moving chain so that workers can easily handle the work safely and by this we can reduce the dangerous jobs5) will provide cool and eco friendly paper mask to the workers so that those workers who don’t like the air inside the plant can work easily6)those workers who don’t like to work on assembly line or don’t know the process we can shift them to another jobs7)if any workers want to go for bathroom they can go without the permission of super visior and while other workers will handle his job So by all above decision we can improve the jobs in a chicken processing unit because no. of poultry workers are increasing day by day in U. S. as well as in many countries like Georgia Alabama etc. Q. 3:-Are dirty, dangerous, and unpleasant jobs an inevitable part of any economy?Ans:- Yes, because chicken processing industry has became a major component of the many state economies like Georgia ,North Carolina, and Alabama etc and jobs such as these on the chicken processing are actually becoming increasingly common. And also because of growing appetites for lean, easy to cook meat. And numbers of poultry workers has almost doubled since 1980 in U. S. because meat is cheaper there compare to veg food And also because some some un employed workers in any economy doesn’t have skills to doany other work and for their basic needs they has to do these type of dirty and dangerous jobs Because they don’t have any other options. In India also no. of non vegetarian are increasing and a large no. of our population is non vegetarian and unemployment rate is also high so many people have to these type of dirty jobs. Doing The Dirty Work Business magazines and newspapers regularly publish articles about the changing nature of work in the United States and about how many jobs are being changed. Indeed, because so much has been made of the shift toward service-sector and professional jobs, many people assumed that the number of unpleasant an undesirable jobs has declined. In fact, nothing could be further from the truth. Millions of Americans work in gleaming air-conditioned facilities, but many others work in dirty, grimy, and unsafe settings. For example, many jobs in the recycling industry require workers to sort through moving conveyors of trash, pulling out those items that can be recycled.Other relatively unattractive jobs include cleaning hospital restrooms, washing dishes in a restaurant, and handling toxic waste. Consider the jobs in a chicken-processing facility. Much like a manufacturing assembly line, a chicken-processing facility is organised around a moving conveyor system. Workers call it the chain. In r eality, it’s a steel cable with large clips that carries dead chickens down what might be called a â€Å"disassembly line.† Standing along this line are dozens of workers who do, in fact, take the birds apart as they pass.Even the titles of the jobs are unsavory. Among the first set of jobs along the chain is the skinner. Skinners use sharp instruments to cut and pull the skin off the dead chicken. Towards the middle of the line are the gut pullers. These workers reach inside the chicken carcasses and remove the intestines and other organs. At the end of the line are the gizzard cutters, who tackle the more difficult organs attached to the inside of the chicken’s carcass. These organs have to be individually cut and removed for disposal. The work is obviously distasteful, and the pace of the work is unrelenting. On a good day the chain moves an average of ninety chickens a minute for nine hours. And the workers are essentially held captive by the moving chain.Fo r example, no one can vacate a post to use the bathroom or for other reasons without the permission of the supervisor. In some plants, taking an unauthorised bathroom break can result in suspension without pay. But the noise in a typical chicken-processing plant is so loud that the supervisor can’t hear someone calling for relief unless the person happens to be standing close by. Jobs such as these on the chicken-processing line are  actually becoming increasingly common. Fuelled by Americans’ growing appetites for lean, easy-to-cook meat, the number of poultry workers has almost doubled since 1980, and today they constitute a work force of around a quarter of a million people. Indeed, the chicken-processing industry has become a major component of the state economies of Georgia, North Carolina, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Alabama.Besides being unpleasant and dirty, many jobs in a chicken-processing plant are dangerous and unhealthy. Some workers, for example, have to fight the live birds when they are first hung on the chains. These workers are routinely scratched and pecked by the chickens. And the air inside a typical chicken-processing plant is difficult to breathe. Workers are usually supplied with paper masks, but most don’t use them because they are hot and confining. And the work space itself is so tight that the workers often cut themselves—and sometimes their coworkers—with the knives, scissors, and other instruments they use to perform their jobs. Indeed, poultry processing ranks third among industries in the United States for cumulative trauma injuries such as carpet tunnel syndrome. The inevitable chicken feathers, faeces, and blood also contribute to the hazardous and unpleasant work environment.Question:Q1 How relevant are the concept of competencies to the job in a chicken- processing plant ? Ans:- concept of competencies is basically The ability to perform some task; Meeting specified qualifications to perfo rm; implicit knowledge of a language’s structure or the ability to do something well, measured against a standard, especially ability acquired through experience or training so competencies is the skills ,knowledge, ability to do the particular task. So in chickenprocessing plant anyone can’t work or will be not able to work because of environment of plantand also because of some jobs in plant are dangerous like they have to fight the live birds when they first hang on chain, and the air inside the plant is difficult to breathe. Usually workers are provided mask for but most don’t use it because it is hot and confining.And work space at plant itself is so tight that the workers often cut themselves and sometimes their co-workers with many instruments they use to perform their job. And they have to captive with  moving chain for example no one can vacate a post to use the bathroom or for other reason without the permission of the supervisor’s according t o concept of competencies anyone will be not able to do these type of dirty jobs so these jobs require those people who can work efficiently and can stay at plant and who are non vegetarianQ.2:- How might you try to improve the jobs in a chicken processing plant ? Ans:-we can improve the jobs in chicken processing plants by†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1)hire or recruit those people who are non vegetarian so they will be more able to do and handle these type of work more efficiently2) we can provide them any machine that will cut the chicken automatically so that we can overcome the safety issues like cut and injury etc.3)we can make the environment more friendly so that workers will enjoy the work4)we will arrange more space on assembly line or moving chain so that workers can easily handle the work safely and by this we can reduce the dangerous jobs5) will provide cool and eco friendly paper mask to the workers so that those workers who don’t like the air inside the plant can work easily6) those workers who don’t like to work on assembly line or don’t know the process we can shift them to another jobs7)if any workers want to go for bathroom they can go without the permission of super visior and while other workers will handle his job So by all above decision we can improve the jobs in a chicken processing unit because no. of poultry workers are increasing day by day in U.S. as well as in many countries like Georgia Alabama etc.Q.3:-Are dirty, dangerous, and unpleasant jobs an inevitable part of any economy? Ans:- Yes, because chicken processing industry has became a major component of the many state economies like Georgia ,North Carolina, and Alabama etc and jobs such as these on the chicken processing are actually becoming increasingly common. And also because of growing appetites for lean, easy to cook meat.And numbers of poultry workers has almost doubled since 1980 in U.S. because meat is cheaper there compare to veg food And also because some some u nemployed workers in any economy doesn’t have skills to doany other work and for their basic needs they has to do these type of dirty and dangerous jobs Because they don’t have any other options. In India also no. of non vegetarian are increasing and a large no. of our population  is non vegetarian and unemployment rate is also high so many people have to these type of dirty jobs.